Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The epidemiology of typical (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC) bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (pulmNETs) is not well understood. We aim to describe the incidence of pulmNETs and differences by sex and race and ethnicity (R&E) in the diverse state of California.Methods: All patients with malignant pulmNETs diagnosed from 1992-2019 in the population-based California Cancer Registry were identified by histology (ICD-O-3 code 8240 for T...

Background: Patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have a high burden of chronic symptoms. We assessed symptom burden and overall quality of life (QOL) for eNET study participants and analyzed differences by age, sex, and NEN primary site.Methods: eNET is a prospective, cohort study on the Eureka digital health platform enrolling individuals with advanced NENs. Participants completed validated surveys on an internet-supported device at baseline an...

Importance: The major factor contributing to the high incidence of osteoporosis in older women is the reduction in estrogen synthesis. Isoflavones have a similar structure to 17-β estradiol and can act as selective estrogen receptor modulators.Objective: To determine the safety and effect of soy isoflavones on bone during early menopause.Design: Parallel, double blind, study.Setting: Secondary care resea...

Introduction: The effects of mild subclinical hypothyroidism (SH; TSH <10 mU/l) on metabolic outcomes are unclear. This may relate to differences in aetiology, including thyroid autoimmunity or genetic factors such as TSH-receptor mutations (TSHR-M) and FOXE1 polyalanine tract length (FOXE1–PTL) polymorphisms, which are associated with altered thyroid function. We hypothesised that the metabolic manifestations of SH may depend upon its aetiology.<p class="abstext"...

Introduction: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) excess is the cause of chronic hypophosphatemia in rare conditions such as X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (XLHR) and tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO), but animal studies indicate that the effect of FGF23 on serum phosphorus is dependent on the presence of parathyroid hormone (PTH). In this case series of rare disorders with abnormalities in renal phosphorus handling, we sought to explore the relative roles of PTH and FGF23...

Background: The initial management of hypercalcaemia is well described: aggressive intravenous rehydration and subsequent intravenous bisphosphonates if required. Isolated case reports document the use of haemo/peritoneal dialysis and haemofiltration in the management of severe hypercalcaemia. We report three cases that required renal replacement therapy to treat severe hypercalcaemia.Case series: A 21-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and vomi...

Background: Pituitary dysfunction is a recognised consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) causing significant cognitive, psychological and metabolic impairment. Hormone replacement offers an important therapeutic opportunity. Blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) from improvised explosive devices (IEDs) is commonly seen in soldiers returning from recent conflicts. We investigated: i) the prevalence and consequences of pituitary dysfunction following moderate-severe bTBI, and...

Circulating levels of prolactin are subject to acute and long-term regulation by many factors including oestrogen and dopamine. We have studied the regulation of prolactin promoter activity in living pituitary cells using transgenic Fischer rats in which reporter gene expression is regulated by the human prolactin gene locus (hPRL-d2EGFP). We have previously identified pulsatile prolactin transcription patterns in living lactotroph cells in fetal tissue, that became stabilised...

Background: Primary Aldosteronism (PA) is common and associates with excess cardiovascular morbidity independent of blood pressure. Animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that exposure to aldosterone and sodium leads to cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy and this may, partly, be mediated by inflammation and oxidative stress. We aimed to clarify the effects of aldosterone excess on myocardial structure and composition in humans using contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI as well a...

Introduction and aims: The short Synacthen test (SST) is used to diagnose underactivity of the HPA axis, with a cortisol response <550 nmol/l at 30 min widely accepted as diagnostic of adrenal insufficiency. Earlier studies of the SST have shown variation in cortisol concentrations measured by different immunoassays, suggesting the need for method-specific cut-offs. We sought to define the cortisol response to Synacthen in healthy volunteers (HV) and establish method-speci...